Heerka dhalooyinka muraayadaha daawada waa laan muhiim ah oo ka mid ah nidaamka caadiga ah ee alaabta baakadaha daawada.Sababtoo ah xaqiiqda ah in dhalooyinka dawooyinka ay u baahan yihiin xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho daawooyinka qaarkoodna waxay u baahan yihiin kaydinta muddada dheer ee daawooyinka, tayada dhalooyinka daawada waxay si toos ah u saameeyaan tayada daawooyinka waxayna ku lug leeyihiin caafimaadka iyo badbaadada shakhsi ahaaneed.Haddaba halbeegga dhalooyinka dhalooyinka daawadu waxay leeyihiin shuruudo gaar ah oo adag, kuwaas oo lagu soo koobi karo sida soo socota:
Marka la eego habaysan iyo mid dhammaystiran, kor u qaadista xulashada halbeegyada wax soo saarka iyo ka gudubka habacsanaanta heerarka alaabta
Mabda'a dejinta jaangooyooyin kala duwan oo isku mid ah oo ku salaysan qalab kala duwan oo lagu go'aamiyay heerarka cusub ayaa si weyn u ballaariyay baaxadda caymiska caadiga ah, kor u qaaday ku habboonaanta iyo xulashada daawooyinka cusub ee kala duwan iyo daawooyinka gaarka ah ee qalabka muraayadaha kala duwan iyo alaabta waxqabadka, oo la beddelay. dib u dhaca qaraabo ee heerarka alaabta guud ee horumarinta alaabta.
Tusaale ahaan, ka mid ah 8 ka mid ah alaabta dhalada dawooyinka ah ee daboolay heerka cusub, badeeco kasta waxaa loo kala saaraa 3 qaybood oo ku salaysan walxaha iyo waxqabadka.Qaybta koowaad waa galaas borosilicate ah, qaybta labaadna waa galaas borosilicate ah oo hooseeya, qaybta saddexaadna waa galaaska kalsiyum ee sodium.Inkasta oo nooc ka mid ah badeecada leh shay gaar ah aan weli la soo saarin, jaangooyooyinka nooca badeecada ayaa la soo bandhigay, iyada oo la xalinayo dhibaatada dib-u-dhaca ee dejinta heerarka ka dib marka badeecada la soo saaro inta badan.Noocyo kala duwan oo dawooyin ah oo leh darajooyin kala duwan, waxqabadka, isticmaalka, iyo foomamka qiyaasta ayaa leh meelo badan oo dabacsan oo door ah oo loogu talagalay badeecadaha iyo heerarka laga sameeyay alaab kala duwan.
Codsiga heerarka dhalada dhalada daawada
Nidaam isku dhafan oo isku-dhafan toosan iyo toosan oo alaabooyin iyo agabyo kala duwan ah ayaa bixiya saldhig iyo shuruudo ku filan oo lagu dooranayo weelasha dhalada ah ee sayniska, macquulka ah, iyo ku habboon ee daroogooyinka kala duwan.Doorashada iyo codsiga dhalooyinka dawooyinka ee noocyada kala duwan ee daawooyinka leh qaabab kala duwan oo qiyaasta, guryaha, iyo darajooyinka waa inay raacaan mabaadi'da soo socota:
xasiloonida kiimikada
Mabaadi'da xasilloonida kiimikada wanaagsan oo ku habboon
Weelasha dhalada ah ee lagu hayo noocyada kala duwan ee dawooyinka waa in ay si fiican ula jaanqaadaan daawooyinka, taas oo ah, in la hubiyo in walxaha kiimikaad ee weelasha dhalada ah aanay deganayn inta lagu jiro soo saarista, kaydinta iyo isticmaalka dawooyinka, iyo in walxaha qaar ee u dhaxeeya ay maraan kiimiko. falcelinno keeni kara beddelka daroogada ama fashilka.Tusaale ahaan, dawooyinka heerka sare ah sida diyaarinta dhiiga iyo tallaalada waa inay doortaan weelasha dhalada ah ee ka samaysan galaaska borosilicate.Noocyo kala duwan oo ah hababka duritaanka biyaha ee alkali iyo alkali ee xooggan, waa inay sidoo kale doortaan weelasha dhalada ah ee ka samaysan galaaska borosilicate.Ampoules galaas yar oo borosilicate ah oo si weyn loo isticmaalo gudaha Shiinaha si loogu daro diyaargarowga duritaanka biyaha maaha mid ku habboon, iyo nooca muraayadda ah waxay u baahan tahay inay si tartiib tartiib ah u wareejiso 5 0 kala-guurka walxaha galaaska si ay si dhakhso ah ula jaanqaadaan heerarka caalamiga ah, hubinta in daawooyinka ay ku jiraan aysan diirin. dami, noqo mid qallafsan, ama xumaada inta lagu jiro isticmaalka.
Isticmaalka galaas borosilicate hooseeya ama galaas kalsiyum sodium dhexdhexaad ah ayaa wali buuxin kara shuruudaha xasiloonida kiimikada ee duritaanka budada guud, maamulka afka, iyo dawooyinka faleebada waaweyn.Heerka daxalka ee daroogada on galaas guud ahaan waa ka weyn yahay dareere ka badan kuwa adag, iyo in alkalinity ka badan acidity, gaar ahaan in hababka duritaanka biyaha alkaline xooggan, taas oo u baahan sifooyin kiimikaad sare dhalooyinka galaaska dawooyinka.
U adkaysiga shoogga kulaylka
Iska caabin wanaagsan oo ku habboon heerkulka isbeddelada lama filaanka ah
Noocyada kala duwan ee daawooyinka waxay u baahan yihiin qalajin heerkul sarreeya, jeermi-dilid iyo nadiifin, ama hababka qallajinta heerkulka hooseeya ee wax soo saarka, taas oo u baahan weelasha dhalada si ay u yeeshaan caabbinta wanaagsan oo ku habboon heerkulka heerkulka iyada oo aan dillaacin.Iska caabbinta dhalada ee isbeddelka heerkulka waxay inta badan la xiriirta isku-dheellitirkeeda ballaadhinta kulaylka.Hoos-u-dhaca isku-dhafka fidinta kulaylka, way sii xoogaysanaysaa awoodda ay u leedahay inay iska caabiso isbeddellada heerkulka.Tusaale ahaan, noocyo badan oo tallaal ah oo heer-sare ah, bayooloji, iyo qaabab lyophilized waa in ay guud ahaan doortaan 3 3 galaas borosilicate ama 5 galaas Borosilicate ah.Muraayadaha borosilicate ee hooseeya ee laga soo saaro tiro badan oo Shiinaha ah waxay u nugul yihiin dildilaaca iyo hoos u dhigista dhalada marka ay la kulmaan isbedbedelka heerkulka weyn.Horumar la taaban karo ayaa laga sameeyay dhalada Shiinaha ee 3. 3% borosilicate, taas oo si gaar ah ugu habboon qaabaynta qalajinta qaboojinta sababtoo ah caabbinta heerkulka isbeddelka degdega ah ayaa ka fiican 5 galaas Borosilicate.
xoogga farsamada
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-16-2023