Ingilazi iyi-amorphous inorganic non-metallic material, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngamaminerali ahlukahlukene angaphili (njenge-quartz sand, borax, boric acid, barite, barium carbonate, limestone, feldspar, soda ash, njll.) njengento eyinhloko eluhlaza, kanye nenani elincane lezinto zokusetshenziswa eziwusizo zengezwe.kwe.
Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko yi-silicon dioxide namanye ama-oxide.[1] Ikhemikhali yengilazi evamile i-Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 noma i-Na2O·CaO·6SiO2, njll. Ingxenye eyinhloko iwusawoti ophindwe kabili we-silicate, okuqinile oku-amorphous okunesakhiwo esingajwayelekile.
Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezakhiweni ukuhlukanisa umoya nokudlulisa ukukhanya.Kuyingxube.Kukhona futhi ingilazi enemibala exutshwe nama-oxide ensimbi athile noma usawoti ukukhombisa umbala, kanye nengilazi epholile eyenziwe ngezindlela ezibonakalayo noma zamakhemikhali.Kwesinye isikhathi amanye amapulasitiki asobala (njenge-polymethyl methacrylate) abizwa nangokuthi i-plexiglass.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abantu bekholelwa ukuthi ingilazi iluhlaza futhi ayinakushintshwa.Kamuva, kwatholakala ukuthi umbala oluhlaza uvela enanini elincane lensimbi ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, futhi izinhlanganisela ze-divalent iron zenza ingilazi ibonakale iluhlaza.Ngemva kokwengeza i-manganese dioxide, i-iron yokuqala eyi-divalent iphenduka ibe i-iron e-trivalent futhi ibonakala iphuzi, kuyilapho i-tetravalent manganese iyancipha ibe yi-manganese e-trivalent futhi ibonakala ibe nsomi.Ngokubona, okuphuzi nokunsomi kungaphelelisana ngezinga elithile, futhi uma kuhlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kube ukukhanya okumhlophe, ingilazi ngeke ifake umbala.Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka eminingana, i-manganese eyi-trivalent izoqhubeka ikhishwa umoya emoyeni, futhi okuphuzi kuzokwanda kancane kancane, ngakho ingilazi yefasitela yalezo zindlu zasendulo izoba phuzi kancane.
Ingilazi evamile iqinile e-amorphous enesakhiwo esingajwayelekile (kusuka endaweni yokubuka emincane, ingilazi nayo iwuketshezi).Ama-molecule awo awanakho ukuhleleka kwebanga elide emkhathini njengamakristalu, kodwa anohlelo lwebanga elifushane olufana noketshezi.ukulandelana.Ingilazi igcina umumo othize njengokuqinile, futhi ayigelezi namandla adonsela phansi njengoketshezi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-14-2021