iglasi epholileyo

Iglasi yobushushu/Iglasi eyomeleziweyo yiglasi yokhuseleko.Iglasi yobushushu eneneni luhlobo lweglasi ecinezelekileyo.Ukuze kuphuculwe amandla eglasi, iindlela zekhemikhali okanye zenyama zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwenza uxinzelelo loxinzelelo kumphezulu weglasi.Xa iglasi iphantsi kwamandla angaphandle, iqala ukucima uxinzelelo lwangaphandle, ngaloo ndlela iphucula umthamo wokuthwala kunye nokuphucula ukuchasana kweglasi ngokwayo.Uxinzelelo lomoya, ingqele kunye nobushushu, impembelelo, njl.
ingca
Iglasi yimathiriyeli ye-amorphous inorganic non-metallic, eyenziwe ngokubanzi kwiiminerali ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nesanti yequartz, iborax, i-boric acid, i-barite, i-barium carbonate, i-limestone, i-feldspar, i-soda ash, njl.) ye.Iinxalenye zayo eziphambili ziyi-silica kunye nezinye ii-oxides.Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zeglasi eqhelekileyo nguNa2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 okanye Na2O · CaO · 6SiO2, njl. Icandelo eliphambili liyi-silicate ityuwa ephindwe kabini, eyi-amorphous solid kunye nesakhiwo esingahleliwe.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo ukuvala umoya kunye nokukhanya, kwaye yeyomxube.Kukwakho neglasi enemibala exutywe neeoksidi okanye iityuwa zesinyithi ezithile ukubonisa umbala, kunye neglasi epholileyo efunyenwe ngeendlela zomzimba okanye zekhemikhali.Iiplastiki ezicacileyo ezifana ne-polymethyl methacrylate ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yiglasi kwiinkqubo zemveliso yezolimo.
uxinzelelo
Uxinzelelo lwamandla luxinzelelo loxinzelelo olufakwe ngaphambili kwisakhiwo ngexesha lokwakha ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwenkonzo yesakhiwo.Ngexesha lenkonzo yesakhiwo, uxinzelelo lwe-prestressing lunokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye uxinzelelo olubangelwa ngumthwalo kwaye luphephe umonakalo wesakhiwo.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kwizakhiwo zekhonkrithi, kukufaka uxinzelelo kwisakhiwo sekhonkrithi kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokuba ithwale umthwalo, ukwenzela ukuba amandla angaphakathi ekhonkrithi kwindawo ye-tensile xa umthwalo wangaphandle usebenza ukuvelisa uxinzelelo olucinezelayo, ukucima okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-tensile oluveliswa ngumthwalo wangaphandle, ukwenzela ukuba ulwakhiwo aluqhekeki okanye luqhekeke ngokukhawuleza phantsi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo.