I-Glass yi-amorphous inorganic non-metallic material, eyenziwa ngokubanzi kwiindidi zamaminerali angabonakaliyo (njengesanti ye-quartz, i-borax, i-boric acid, i-barite, i-barium carbonate, i-limestone, i-feldspar, i-soda ash, njl. kunye nexabiso elincinci lezinto ezincedisayo zongezwa.ye.
Iinxalenye zayo eziphambili ziyi-silicon dioxide kunye nezinye ii-oxides.[1] Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zeglasi eqhelekileyo nguNa2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 okanye Na2O·CaO · 6SiO2, njl njl. Icandelo eliphambili liyi-silicate ityuwa ephindwe kabini, eyi-amorphous solid enesakhiwo esingaqhelekanga.
Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizakhiwo ukwahlula umoya kunye nokuhambisa ukukhanya.Ngumxube.Kukwakho negilasi enemibala exutywe nentsimbi ethile okanye iityuwa ezibonisa umbala, kunye neglasi epholileyo eyenziwe ngeendlela ezibonakalayo okanye zekhemikhali.Ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iiplastiki ezibonakalayo (ezifana ne-polymethyl methacrylate) zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-plexiglass.
Kangangamakhulu eminyaka, abantu bebesoloko bekholelwa ukuba iglasi iluhlaza kwaye ayinakuguqulwa.Kamva, kwafunyaniswa ukuba umbala oluhlaza uvela kwixabiso elincinci lentsimbi kwizinto eziluhlaza, kwaye iikhompawundi ze-divalent iron zenza iglasi ibonakale iluhlaza.Emva kokongeza i-manganese dioxide, i-iron yokuqala ye-divalent ijika ibe yi-iron ephindwe kabini kwaye ibonakala iphuzi, ngelixa i-tetravalent manganese iyancipha ibe yi-manganese e-trivalent kwaye ibonakala imfusa.Ngokucacileyo, umthubi kunye nomfusa zinokuncedisana ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, kwaye xa zixutywe kunye ukuze zibe ukukhanya okumhlophe, iglasi ayiyi kuphosa umbala.Nangona kunjalo, emva kweminyaka eliqela, i-manganese ene-trivalent iya kuqhubeka i-oxidized emoyeni, kwaye umthubi uya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe, ngoko iglasi yefestile yezo zindlu zakudala iya kuba tyheli kancinane.
Iglasi ngokubanzi yinto eqinileyo ye-amorphous enesakhiwo esingaqhelekanga (ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-microscopic, iglasi nayo ilulwelo).Iimolekyuli zayo azinalo uluhlu olude olucwangcisiweyo olucwangcisiweyo kwindawo efana neekristale, kodwa lunoluhlu olufutshane olufana nolwelo.ulandelelwano.Iglasi igcina ubume obuthile obufana nokuqinileyo, kwaye ayihambi ngomxhuzulane njengolwelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-14-2021