Magalasi wamba amapangidwa ndi soda phulusa, miyala yamchere, quartz ndi feldspar monga zida zazikulu zopangira.Pambuyo kusakaniza, izo zimasungunuka, kumveka bwino ndi homogenized mu galasi ng'anjo, ndiyeno kukonzedwa mu mawonekedwe.Galasi losungunuka limatsanuliridwa mumadzimadzi a malata kuti ayandame ndi kupanga, ndiyeno amapatsidwa chithandizo cha annealing.Ndipo pezani zinthu zamagalasi.
Kupanga magalasi osiyanasiyana:
(1) Galasi wamba (Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 kapena Na2O·CaO·6SiO2)
(2) Galasi la quartz (galasi lopangidwa ndi quartz yoyera ngati zopangira zazikulu, kapangidwe kake ndi SiO2 yokha)
(3) Galasi yotentha (yofanana ndi galasi wamba)
(4) galasi la potaziyamu (K2O, CaO, SiO2)
(5) galasi la borate (SiO2, B2O3)
(6) Magalasi achikuda (onjezani ma oxides achitsulo mukupanga magalasi wamba. Cu2O-wofiira; CuO-buluu-wobiriwira; CdO-chikasu chowala; CO2O3-buluu; Ni2O3-mdima wobiriwira; MnO2- Purple; colloidal Au——wofiira ; colloidal Ag——yellow)
(7) Magalasi osintha mitundu (magalasi achikuda okhala ndi ma rare earth element oxides as colorants)
(8) Magalasi owoneka (onjezani pang'ono zazinthu zopepuka, monga AgCl, AgBr, ndi zina, pagalasi wamba borosilicate yaiwisi, ndiyeno onjezerani pang'ono chodziwitsira, monga CuO, etc., kuti galasi lisamve kuwala.
(9) Galasi la utawaleza (lopangidwa ndi kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa fluoride, kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka sensitizer ndi bromide kuzinthu zamagalasi wamba)
(10) Galasi yodzitchinjiriza (zida zoyenerera zothandizira zimawonjezedwa munjira yopangira magalasi wamba, kotero kuti imakhala ndi ntchito yoletsa kuwala kwamphamvu, kutentha kwamphamvu kapena ma radiation kuti isalowe ndikuteteza chitetezo chamunthu. Mwachitsanzo, imvi-dichromate, iron oxide imatenga cheza cha ultraviolet Ndi mbali ya kuwala kooneka; blue-green—nickel oxide ndi ferrous oxide zimatenga infrared ndi mbali ina ya kuwala kooneka; lead glass — lead oxide imatenga X-ray ndi r-ray; buluu wakuda—dichromate, ferrous oxide, iron oxide absorb Ultraviolet, infrared komanso kuwala kowonekera kwambiri; cadmium oxide ndi boron oxide zimawonjezedwa kuti zitenge neutron flux.
(11) Galasi-ceramics (yomwe imatchedwanso crystallized glass kapena glass ceramics, imapangidwa powonjezera golide, siliva, mkuwa ndi kristalo ina ku galasi wamba, m'malo mwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma radomes ndi mitu ya missile, etc.) .
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-16-2021