iav yog ib qho amorphous inorganic non-metallic khoom, feem ntau ua los ntawm ntau yam inorganic minerals (xws li quartz xuab zeb, borax, boric acid, barite, barium carbonate, limestone, feldspar, soda tshauv, thiab lwm yam) raws li lub ntsiab raw khoom, thiab ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom ntxiv.ntawm.
Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog silicon dioxide thiab lwm yam oxides.[1] Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov iav zoo tib yam yog Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 los yog Na2O·CaO·6SiO2, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog silicate ob ntsev, uas yog cov khoom amorphous nrog cov qauv tsis sib xws.
Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev los cais cua thiab kis lub teeb.Nws yog kev sib xyaw.Kuj tseem muaj cov iav xim uas sib xyaw nrog qee cov hlau oxides lossis cov ntsev kom pom cov xim, thiab cov iav tempered ua los ntawm kev siv lub cev lossis tshuaj.Qee zaum qee cov yas pob tshab (xws li polymethyl methacrylate) kuj hu ua plexiglass.
Tau ntau pua xyoo, tib neeg yeej ib txwm ntseeg tias iav yog ntsuab thiab hloov tsis tau.Tom qab ntawd, nws tau pom tias cov xim ntsuab tuaj ntawm cov hlau me me hauv cov khoom siv raw, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau divalent ua rau cov iav tshwm ntsuab.Tom qab ntxiv manganese dioxide, tus thawj divalent hlau hloov mus rau hauv trivalent hlau thiab tshwm daj, thaum lub tetravalent manganese txo mus rau trivalent manganese thiab tshwm liab doog.Optically, daj thiab liab doog tuaj yeem sib ntxiv rau ib qho twg, thiab thaum sib xyaw ua ke los ua lub teeb dawb, iav yuav tsis cam xim.Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ob peb xyoos, cov manganese trivalent tseem yuav oxidized los ntawm huab cua, thiab cov daj yuav maj mam nce, yog li lub qhov rais iav ntawm cov tsev qub yuav daj me ntsis.
Cov iav dav dav yog ib qho khoom amorphous nrog cov qauv tsis sib xws (los ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub microscopic, iav kuj yog kua).Nws cov molecules tsis muaj qhov ntev-ntev kev npaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo li cov muaju, tab sis muaj qhov kev txiav txim luv luv zoo ib yam li cov kua.ib ntus.Cov iav tuav cov duab tshwj xeeb zoo li cov khoom, thiab tsis ntws nrog lub ntiajteb txawj nqus zoo li cov kua.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-14-2021