Cov iav iav

Ordinary iav yog ua los ntawm dej qab zib tshauv, limestone, quartz thiab feldspar ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.Tom qab sib tov, nws yog melted, clarified thiab homogenized nyob rau hauv ib lub khob rauv, thiab ces ua tiav rau hauv cov duab.Lub molten iav yog poured rau hauv lub tin kua nto kom ntab thiab daim ntawv, thiab ces undergo kev kho mob annealing.Thiab tau txais cov khoom iav.
Muaj ntau yam iav:
(1) Ordinary iav (Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 los yog Na2O·CaO·6SiO2)
(2) Quartz iav (iav ua los ntawm ntshiab quartz raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, muaj pes tsawg leeg tsuas yog SiO2)
(3) Tempered iav (tib yam muaj pes tsawg leeg li iav zoo tib yam)
(4) Potassium iav (K2O, CaO, SiO2)
(5) Borate iav (SiO2, B2O3)
(6) Cov iav xim (ntxiv qee cov hlau oxides hauv cov txheej txheem iav zoo tib yam. Cu2O-liab; CuO-xiav-ntsuab; CdO-lub teeb daj; CO2O3-xiav; Ni2O3-tsaus ntsuab; MnO2- Ntshav; colloidal Au-red ; colloidal Ag — daj)
(7) Xim-hloov iav (advanced colour iav nrog tsawg lub ntiaj teb oxides li colorants)
(8) Cov iav kho qhov muag (ntxiv me me ntawm cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo, xws li AgCl, AgBr, thiab lwm yam, rau cov khoom siv iav borosilicate zoo tib yam, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv me me ntawm sensitizer, xws li CuO, thiab lwm yam., ua kom lub iav ntau resistant rau lub teeb. rhiab)
(9) Zaj sawv iav (ua los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau cov tshuaj fluoride, me me ntawm sensitizer thiab bromide rau cov khoom siv iav zoo tib yam)
(10) Cov iav tiv thaiv (cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau ntxiv rau hauv cov txheej txheem iav zoo tib yam, kom nws muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub teeb muaj zog, muaj zog cua sov lossis hluav taws xob los ntawm kev nkag mus thiab tiv thaiv tus kheej kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, grey-dichromate, hlau oxide absorbs Cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet Thiab ib feem ntawm lub teeb pom kev; xiav-ntsuab-nickel oxide thiab ferrous oxide nqus infrared thiab ib feem ntawm lub teeb pom kev; lead iav- lead oxide absorbs X-rays thiab r-rays; tsaus xiav-dichromate, ferrous oxide, hlau oxide nqus Ultraviolet, infrared thiab pom lub teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws; cadmium oxide thiab boron oxide ntxiv rau nqus neutron flux.
(11) iav-ceramics (tseem hu ua crystallized iav lossis iav ceramics, nws yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv kub, nyiaj, tooj liab thiab lwm yam siv lead ua nuclei rau iav zoo tib yam, tsis yog cov hlau tsis muaj steel thiab gemstones, siv los ua radomes thiab missile hau, thiab lwm yam.) .